Tr oi cuu với ạ

n Al = a(mol) ; n Fe = b(mol)

=> 27a + 56b = 20,65(1)

2Al + 3H2SO4 → Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2

a...........1,5a............0,5a............1.5a..(mol)

Fe + H2SO4 → FeSO4 + H2

b...........b..............b............b......(mol)

=> n H2 = 1,5a + b = 0,725(2)

Từ 1,2 suy ra a = 0,35 ; b = 0,2

Suy ra :

%m Al = 0,35.27/20,65  .100% = 45,76%
%m Fe = 100% -45,76% = 54,24%

m H2SO4 = (1,5a + b).98 = 71,05 gam

m muối = m kim loại + m H2SO4 -m H2 = 20,65 + 71,05 -0,725.2 = 90,25 gam

a) \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Zn + H₂SO₄ --> ZnSO₄ + H₂

_____0,15<-------------0,15<---0,15

=> m_Zn = 0,15.65 = 9,75(g)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Zn=\dfrac{9,75}{17,75}.100\%=54,93\%\\\%Cu=100\%-54,93\%=45,07\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) m_ZnSO4 = 0,15.161=24,15(g)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15(mol)\\ Zn+H_2SO_4\to ZnSO_4+H_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{Zn}=0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,15.65}{15,75}.100\%=61,9\%\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Cu}=100\%-61,9\%=38,1\%\\ b,n_{ZnSO_4}=0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{ZnSO_4}=0,15.161=24,15(g)\)

- Cu không tác dụng được với dd H₂SO₄ loãng.

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\\ n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,1.65}{10,5}.100\approx61,905\%\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Cu}\approx38,095\%\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}0,15(mol)\\ a,PTHH:Fe+H_2SO_4\to FeSO_4+H_2\\ b,n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,15.56}{14,8}.100\%=56,76\%\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Cu}=100\%-56,76\%=43,24\%\\ c,n_{H_2SO_4}=0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,15.98}{20\%}=73,5(g)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{73,5}{1,4}=52,5(l)\)

Chọn B

Chỉ có Zn phản ứng với H 2 S O 4 , Cu không phản ứng

Bài 3 : 

a) $Mg + H_2SO_4 \to MgSO_4 + H_2$
$n_{Mg} = n_{H_2} = \dfrac{3,36}{22,4} = 0,15(mol)$
$\%m_{Mg} = \dfrac{0,15.24}{13,2}.100\% = 27,27\%$
$\%m_{Cu} = 100\% -27,27\% = 72,73\%$

b) $n_{Cu} = \dfrac{13,2 - 0,15.24}{64}= 0,15(mol)$

$\Rightarrow m_{muối} = 0,15.120 + 0,15.160= 42(gam)$

Bài 4 : 

Gọi $n_{Fe} = a(mol) ; n_{Mg} = b(mol)$
$56a + 24b = 18,4(1)$

$Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2$
$Mg + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2$

Theo PTHH : $n_{H_2} = a + b = \dfrac{11,2}{22,4} = 0,5(2)$

Từ (1)(2) suy ra a = 0,2 ; b = 0,3

$\%m_{Fe} = \dfrac{0,2.56}{18,4}.100\%  = 60,87\%$

$\%m_{Mg} = 100\% -60,87\% = 39,13\%$

b) $n_{HCl} = 2n_{H_2} = 1(mol)$
$V_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{1}{0,8}=  1,25(lít)$

3a) \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)

\(n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,15.24}{13,2}.100=27,28\%\)

\(\%m_{Cu}=100-27,28=72,73\%\)

b) \(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{13,2-3,6}{64}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

Cu + 2H2SO4 → CuSO4 + SO2 + 2H2O

0,15------------------->0,15

Mg + 2H2SO4 → MgSO4 + SO2 + 2H2O

0,15------------------->0,15

\(m_{muối}=0,15.160+0,15.120=42\left(g\right)\)